The Gospels of Matthew,[48] Mark[49] and Luke[50] state that Joseph of Arimathea wrapped the body of Jesus in a "linen cloth" or "linen shroud" or just in "linen"[51] (Greek: sindon) and placed it in a new tomb. The Gospel of John says that the body was wrapped in linen cloths (Greek: othonia), with a significant quantity of myrrh and aloes.
The Gospel of John[53] states that after the Resurrection of Jesus, "Simon Peter came, following him, and went into the tomb. He saw the linen wrappings lying there, and the cloth that had been on Jesus’s head, not lying with the linen wrappings but rolled up in a place by itself." The Gospel of Luke[54] states: "But Peter got up and ran to the tomb; stooping and looking in, he saw the linen cloths by themselves; then he went home, amazed at what had happened.”
Sindonology (from the Greek σινδών—sindon, the word used in the Gospel of Mark[80] to describe the type of the burial cloth of Jesus) is the formal study of the Shroud.
Secondo Pia's 1898 photographs of the shroud allowed the scientific community to begin to study it.
The documented history of the shroud dates back to 1354, when it began to be exhibited in the new collegiate church of Lirey, a village in north-central France.[4]: 80–81 The shroud was denounced as a forgery by the bishop of Troyes, Pierre d’Arcis, in 1389.[4]: 90–96 It was acquired by the House of Savoy in 1453 and later deposited in a chapel in Chambéry,[4]: 141–142, 153–154 where it was damaged by fire in 1532.[4]: 166 In 1578, the Savoys moved the shroud to their new capital in Turin, where it has remained ever since.[4]: 191 Since 1683, it has been kept in the Chapel of the Holy Shroud, which was designed for that purpose by the architect Guarino Guarini and which is connected to both the royal palace and the Turin Cathedral.[4]: 233 Ownership of the shroud passed from the House of Savoy to the Catholic Church after the death of the former king Umberto II of Italy in 1983.
