The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon
They were founded in 1118 to defend pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem, with their headquarters located there on the Temple Mount, and existed for nearly two centuries during the Middle Ages.
They were prominent in Christian finance; non-combatant members of the order, who made up as much as 90% of their members,[1][2] managed a large economic infrastructure throughout Christendom.[3] They developed innovative financial techniques that were an early form of banking,[4][5] building a network of nearly 1,000 commanderies and fortifications across Europe and the Holy Land.
In 1307, King Philip IV of France had many of the order's members in France arrested, tortured into giving false confessions, and then burned at the stake.[8] Under pressure, Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312
“But it was Wolfram’s naming of the guardians of the Grail that has ever since associated the Poor Knights of Christ with the sacred stone: Templiesen. This name, though it is said to derive simply from the fact that the Templars were based in the Temple of Solomon, also aligned them with Wolfram’s guardians of the Grail. Another interesting clue is the connection with Bernard of Clairvaux. As well as the Templar rule, he wrote, at the request of Hughes de Payens, “A Treatise on the New Knighthood,” which he dedicated to the founder of the Templars. In this work Bernard speaks of the order in terms that are uncannily similar to descriptions of the Grail knights in medieval romances of the time: The warriors are gentler than lambs and fiercer than lions, wedding the mildness of the monk with the valor of the knight, so that it is difficult to decide which to call them: men to adorn the Temple of Solomon with weapons instead of gems, with shields instead of crowns of gold, with saddles and bridles instead of candelabra: eager for victory—not fame; for battle not for pomp; who abhor wasteful speech, unnecessary action, unmeasurednlaughter, gossip and chatter, as they despise all vain things: who, in spite of their being many, live in one house according to one rule, with one soul and one heart.104 Later he wrote that: A new knighthood has recently appeared on earth…It ceaselessly wages a twofold war both against flesh and blood and against the spiritual army of evil in the heavens.” - Arthurian Magic, John Matthews, Virginia Chandler
The Temple Mount where they had their headquarters had a mystique because it was above what was believed to be the ruins of the Temple of Solomon.
A legend is that when Louis XVI was executed, a freemason dipped a cloth in the king's blood and said, "Jacques de Molay, you are avenged.", the idea being that the king of France was responsible for destroying the Knights Templar back then. A theory states that they are still existent and running a secret conspiracy to preserve the bloodline of Jesus.
There have been speculative popular publications surrounding the order's early occupation of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem as well as speculation about what relics the Templars may have found there. The association of the Holy Grail with the Templars has precedents even in 12th-century fiction; Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival calls the knights guarding the Grail Kingdom templeisen, apparently a conscious fictionalization of the templarii.
“Whatever the 'real' motives behind the destruction of the Templars were, they are of little or no account. In such cases, these motives are always occasional: they only help to set in motion the forces needed to implement a design, the directing intelligence of which is to be found on a much deeper plane. In virtue of the nature of the Templar ideal, the order was bound to be destroyed.” - JULIUS EVOLA, THE MYSTERY OF THE GRAIL
“The Knights Templar were a monastic order created by French Knight Hugues de Payens around 1119 after the holy crusades began. The Order was comprised of men who represented both the religious world and that of the military; the Knights Templar were considered both spiritual monks and fierce warriors.
After Jerusalem was taken by the Christians, pilgrimages began to the holy land. Pilgrims were being attacked and murdered in large numbers by bandits in outlying areas, and the Order of the Templars was brought into being as an effort to protect them.
They were given a wing of the royal palace at the Temple on the Mount.
The wing they operated out of was thought to have been built atop the ruins of King Solomon’s temple. Because of this they took on the name “The Poor Knights of Christ and the Temple of Solomon”, or the Templar Knights.
“ In 1818, Austrian pseudohistorical writer Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall connected the Grail to contemporary myths surrounding the Knights Templar that cast the order as a secret society dedicated to mystical knowledge and relics. In Hammer-Purgstall's work, the Grail is not a physical relic, but a symbol of the secret knowledge that the Templars sought.”
Templar Mystery School
- Historical Arc: After the suppression of the Knights Templar in 1312, their legend persisted—stories of hidden treasure, secret doctrines, and surviving cells.
- Esoteric Rebirth: In the 17th–18th centuries, Masonic and Rosicrucian orders began to weave Templar imagery into their rituals, presenting themselves as spiritual inheritors of the Temple’s mission.
- Themes Integrated:
- Guardianship of the Holy Grail and other relics.
- The Temple of Solomon as both a historical and inner temple.
- The knightly code reimagined as moral and spiritual discipline.
- Why It Mattered: This created a bridge between medieval chivalric mysticism and early modern Hermetic-Christian mystery schools, giving Rosicrucianism a martial and legendary lineage.
The Knights Templar, formally known as the Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon, occupy a unique and enigmatic position in history and esotericism. Founded in the early 12th century as a monastic military order during the Crusades, they evolved into one of the most powerful and wealthy institutions in medieval Europe, only to be dramatically suppressed in the 14th century. Yet, their legacy endures not just as warriors but as alleged guardians of profound mystical secrets, intertwined with legends of the Holy Grail, the Ark of the Covenant, Solomon’s Temple, and the broader Western Mystery Tradition—a syncretic body of occult knowledge drawing from Hermeticism, Kabbalah, Alchemy, Gnosticism, and ancient mystery schools. This in-depth breakdown explores their historical origins, mythological dimensions (with special emphasis on the Grail and Ark), inner esoteric nature as a potential mystery school, connections to Solomon’s Temple and other secretive traditions, and their enduring significance. Drawing from historical records, esoteric interpretations, and legendary narratives, we’ll uncover how the Templars embody the tension between outward chivalry and inward initiation, serving as a conduit for ancient wisdom in the Christian era.
Historical Background: Foundation, Rise, and Fall
The Knights Templar were established around 1119 CE in Jerusalem, shortly after the First Crusade (1096–1099) captured the Holy City from Muslim forces. Founded by Hugues de Payens, a French knight, and eight companions, the order’s initial purpose was to protect Christian pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land from bandits and Saracen attacks. King Baldwin II of Jerusalem granted them headquarters in the Al-Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount, believed to be the site of the ancient Temple of Solomon—hence their name, referencing the biblical king whose temple housed the Ark of the Covenant. This location was pivotal, as it positioned the Templars directly atop what they and others viewed as the spiritual epicenter of Judeo-Christian heritage.
The order received papal endorsement in 1129 at the Council of Troyes, where St. Bernard of Clairvaux, a Cistercian abbot and mystical theologian, drafted their rule—a blend of monastic asceticism (inspired by the Benedictines) and warrior ethos. Vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience were mandatory, but the Templars quickly amassed wealth through donations, banking innovations (they pioneered letters of credit for pilgrims, effectively creating early international banking), and land grants across Europe. By the mid-12th century, they had chapters in France, England, Spain, Portugal, and the Holy Land, with thousands of members divided into knights (noble warriors), sergeants (non-noble fighters), and chaplains (priests). Their white mantles emblazoned with a red cross symbolized purity and martyrdom.
The Templars played key roles in Crusader battles, such as the Siege of Ascalon (1153) and the Battle of Hattin (1187), where their defeat led to Jerusalem’s fall to Saladin. Despite setbacks, they maintained strongholds like Acre until 1291, when the last Crusader outpost fell. Back in Europe, their financial power grew, lending to kings and popes, but this bred envy. In 1307, French King Philip IV (“the Fair”), deeply in debt to them, orchestrated their downfall. Accusing them of heresy, idolatry (worshipping a “bearded head” or Baphomet), sodomy, and spitting on the cross, Philip arrested hundreds on Friday, October 13 (origin of the “unlucky” superstition). Under torture, many confessed; Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312 via the bull Vox in excelso. Grand Master Jacques de Molay was burned at the stake in 1314, cursing Philip and Clement—who both died soon after, fueling legends of Templar vengeance.
Historically, the Templars were a product of medieval feudalism, chivalry, and the Crusades’ religious fervor. Archaeological evidence from sites like Atlit Castle in Israel confirms their military prowess, while documents like the Temple Rule highlight their dual monastic-warrior identity. However, their rapid rise and fall—amassing fortunes equivalent to modern billions—sparked suspicions of secret activities, setting the stage for esoteric myths.
Mythological Layers: The Holy Grail, Ark of the Covenant, and Templar Legends
The Templars’ mythology transcends their historical role, portraying them as custodians of sacred relics and forbidden knowledge. Central to this is their association with Solomon’s Temple, the Holy Grail, and the Ark of the Covenant—artifacts symbolizing divine power and lost wisdom. These legends emerged post-suppression, amplified by Romanticism, Freemasonry, and modern occultism, blending fact with fantasy.
The Temple Mount excavations (1119–1128) are legendary: with only nine knights initially, they spent years digging under the ruins, allegedly uncovering treasures from Solomon’s era. Myths claim they found the Ark of the Covenant—a golden chest containing the Ten Commandments, Aaron’s rod, and manna—hidden after the Babylonian destruction (586 BCE). Biblical accounts describe the Ark as a weapon (e.g., toppling Jericho’s walls) and divine oracle; esoteric lore adds it harnessed “celestial fire” or electromagnetic energy, with the Templars relocating it to Petra or Europe (e.g., Rosslyn Chapel in Scotland or even America via Templar fleets). Some theories link it to the “Stones of Fire” (Urim and Thummim), gemstones for divination, examined modernly for anomalous properties like interfering with electronics.
The Holy Grail, often conflated with the cup of Christ’s Last Supper or vessel catching his blood, is tied to Templar guardianship in Arthurian legends (e.g., Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival, 1210). Myths portray the Grail as a chalice of enlightenment, granting immortality or visions, hidden by Joseph of Arimathea and entrusted to the Templars. Their Petra digs supposedly yielded it, or they protected it during the Crusades. Esoterically, the Grail symbolizes the “sangreal” (royal blood) or divine feminine, linking to Mary Magdalene theories (e.g., in The Da Vinci Code). Templar “Grail knights” like Perceval embody the quest for spiritual purity amid worldly trials.
Other myths include worshipping Baphomet (a goat-headed idol, possibly a cipher for “Sophia” or wisdom), practicing alchemy, or descending from Essenes/Gnostics. De Molay’s curse and the “lost fleet” (ships vanishing from La Rochelle in 1307) suggest survivors fled to Scotland, influencing Freemasonry or guarding treasures in the New World. These narratives, popularized in books like Holy Blood, Holy Grail (1982), portray Templars as heirs to ancient mysteries, blending Christian chivalry with pagan esotericism.
Inner Mystical and Esoteric Nature: A Monastic Warrior Order as Mystery School
The Templars’ dual identity—monks and knights—lends credence to views of them as a mystery school, initiating members into esoteric knowledge amid martial discipline. Their rule emphasized poverty and humility, but proximity to Eastern traditions (e.g., Sufis, Assassins) and Temple Mount excavations suggest exposure to Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and Gnosticism. Esoterically, they practiced “Christian mysticism,” revering the Divine Feminine (e.g., via Black Madonnas) and “energy work” akin to chakras, blending Celtic/Druid elements with Biblical lore.
As a mystery school, initiation involved vows symbolizing death to the world and rebirth in service—echoing ancient rites. Myths of Baphomet represent androgynous wisdom (solve et coagula in alchemy), while Grail/Ark quests symbolize inner alchemy: transmuting base instincts into divine union. Their “secret purpose” may have been safeguarding primordial wisdom from Egypt/Babylon, transmitted via Solomon’s Priesthood of Melchizedek, predating Christianity. Manly P. Hall links them to phallic symbols (rose/cross) for spiritual creation, and ceremonial magic from Arab sources, positioning them as preservers of transcendental knowledge.
Involvement with Solomon’s Temple and Other Cults/Secret Activities
The Templars’ name and base on Temple Mount imply deep involvement with Solomon’s legacy. Excavations sought relics like the Ark or “true cross,” but esoterically, they accessed Kabbalistic/Hermetic knowledge hidden there. Solomon’s Temple, a “house of initiation” with pagan emblems, mirrored Egyptian/Atlantean sanctuaries—phallic symbols for regeneration, its layout a microcosm of the universe.
Interactions with other cults: alliances with Assassins (Hashashin, a Shiite sect with esoteric practices) and exposure to Sufism suggest syncretism. Accusations of heresy hint at Gnostic dualism or Cathar sympathies (dualist heretics they protected). Secret activities included banking (esoteric “temple economy”), alchemy (wealth from transmutation myths), and relic guardianship, linking to Western Mystery Tradition’s hidden lineages.
Significance in the Western Mystery Tradition
In the Western Mystery Tradition, Templars represent the fusion of exoteric religion and esoteric gnosis—warriors of the outer temple guarding the inner. They bridge Biblical wisdom (Solomon) with Hermetic/Kabbalistic streams, influencing Rosicrucianism (manifestos echo Templar reforms) and Freemasonry (Hiram legend from Templar myths). The Grail/Ark symbolize the “Great Work”: divine union amid duality. Their suppression embodies the tradition’s theme of hidden knowledge surviving persecution, resurfacing in modern orders like O.T.O. or AMORC.
Meaning and Legacy: Guardians of the Eternal Quest
The Templars symbolize chivalric mysticism: outer battles mirroring inner alchemical wars. Myths of Grail/Ark quests represent the soul’s pursuit of enlightenment—dangerous yet redemptive. Their legacy inspires conspiracy theories (e.g., Illuminati links) and cultural works (Knightfall, Assassin’s Creed), but esoterically, they embody the Western Mystery Tradition’s initiatory thread: preserving primordial wisdom through veils of secrecy for humanity’s spiritual evolution. In a secular age, they remind us of the sacred warrior within, guarding divine mysteries against materialism.